Question 1

The impact of our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)   our shared human genome.
B)   epigenetic marks.
C)   natural selection.
D)   the environment.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The biochemical code for eye color is transmitted from parents to offspring by

Accepted Answer

A)   neurotransmitters.
B)   natural selection.
C)   epigenetic molecules.
D)   genes.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Which nerve network traveling through the brainstem plays an important role in controlling arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)   reticular formation
B)   hypothalamus
C)   cerebellum
D)   medullaE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in

Accepted Answer

A)   children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed.
B)   people paralyzed by a severed spinal cord.
C)   individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
D)   split-brain patients.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

The brain is most likely to compensate for a loss of neurons by

Accepted Answer

A)   generating new neural cells in the brain.
B)   increasing the speed of neural impulses.
C)   inhibiting activity in the association areas.
D)   decreasing the production of stem cells.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The depolarization of a neural membrane creates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   action potential.
B)   myelin sheath.
C)   neural network.
D)   interneuron.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   amygdala.
B)   thalamus.
C)   cerebellum.
D)   hippocampus.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Depending on environmental conditions,specific genes can be either

Accepted Answer

A)   monozygotic or dizygotic.
B)   active or inactive.
C)   identical or fraternal.
D)   structured or unstructured.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Ruth has experienced progressively increasing difficulty moving,speaking,and swallowing due to the deterioration of the myelin sheaths within her nervous system.Ruth most clearly suffers from

Accepted Answer

A)   epileptic seizures.
B)   Alzheimer's disease.
C)   multiple sclerosis.
D)   depression.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The brain's oldest region is the

Accepted Answer

A)   hippocampus.
B)   amygdala.
C)   brainstem.
D)   hypothalamus.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interest to

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary psychologists.
B)   genome researchers.
C)   behavior geneticists.
D)   epigeneticists.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The $40 million Human Connectome Project harnesses ________ technology to map neural connections across long distances within the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   positron emission tomography
B)   electroencephalogram
C)   diffusion spectrum imaging
D)   microelectrode insertionE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus
B)   amygdala
C)   medulla
D)   cerebellumE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

The part of the brainstem that helps to coordinate movements is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus accumbens.
B)   hippocampus.
C)   amygdala.
D)   pons.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

A brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired is called

Accepted Answer

A)   a synaptic gap.
B)   an action potential.
C)   a refractory period.
D)   reuptake.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Following massive damage to his frontal lobes,Phineas Gage was most strikingly debilitated by

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle spasms.
B)   memory loss.
C)   auditory hallucinations.
D)   irritability.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident,doctors detected damage to his cerebellum.Kato is most likely to have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)   reading printed words.
B)   understanding what others are saying.
C)   tasting the flavors of foods.
D)   playing his guitar.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Mathematical and spatial reasoning capacities are especially likely to be linked with association areas in the

Accepted Answer

A)   parietal lobes.
B)   temporal lobes.
C)   occipital lobes.
D)   frontal lobes.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Children in adoptive homes are ________ likely than average to experience parental neglect and abuse.They have typically grown up to be ________ altruistic than average.

Accepted Answer

A)   more;less
B)   more;more
C)   less;less
D)   less;moreE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Evolutionary psychologists are most directly concerned with the impact of ________ on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   epigenetic molecules
B)   shared family environments
C)   genetic predispositions
D)   domesticationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 2: The Biology of Behavior

Which nerve network traveling through the brainstem plays an important role in controlling arousal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The depolarization of a neural membrane creates a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following massive damage to his frontal lobes,Phineas Gage was most strikingly debilitated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain is most likely to compensate for a loss of neurons by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The impact of our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates the influence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychologists are most directly concerned with the impact of ________ on behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biochemical code for eye color is transmitted from parents to offspring by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mathematical and spatial reasoning capacities are especially likely to be linked with association areas in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident,doctors detected damage to his cerebellum.Kato is most likely to have difficulty

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Depending on environmental conditions,specific genes can be either

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain's oldest region is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ruth has experienced progressively increasing difficulty moving,speaking,and swallowing due to the deterioration of the myelin sheaths within her nervous system.Ruth most clearly suffers from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children in adoptive homes are ________ likely than average to experience parental neglect and abuse.They have typically grown up to be ________ altruistic than average.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The $40 million Human Connectome Project harnesses ________ technology to map neural connections across long distances within the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assessing the relative effects of nature and nurture on individual differences in personality would be of most direct interest to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the brainstem that helps to coordinate movements is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Children in adoptive homes are likely than average to experience parental neglect and abuse.They have typically grown up to be altruistic than average.

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