Question 1

Civil law is to _______________ as criminal law is to crimes against the state or society.

Accepted Answer

A)   legislation rulings
B)   administrative actions
C)   standings
D)   interactions between individuals
E)   precedentsF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Rather than directly suing a company for damages, it can be more effective to sue

Accepted Answer

A)   the individuals who are employed by the company.
B)   the government for not enforcing laws that would have prevented the damage.
C)   the government for making the laws so stringent.
D)   the owners of the company.
E)   None of these. It is most effective to directly sue the company.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

In a criminal case, being found guilty can result in _________________ and in a civil case being found guilty can result in _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fines and jail sentences; only financial penalties
B)   only financial penalties; fines and jail sentences
C)   fines and jail sentences; fines and jail sentences
D)   only financial penalties; only financial penalties
E)   only jail sentences; only financial penaltiesF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Who normally identifies the problem in the policy cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   The government normally identifies issues for groups who do not recognize problems themselves.
B)   The government normally identifies issues for groups who do not have a voice (such as children)  in the issue.
C)   The public identifies a problem and insists on help in correcting the problem.
D)   Either the public or the government identifies issues, depending on the problem.
E)   None of these are correct.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D) D

Question 5

After an original idea is turned into a bill, it

Accepted Answer

A)   is introduced in the House and Senate.
B)   needs to be sponsored by a legislator.
C)   is referred to a committee.
D)   undergoes subcommittee hearings.
E)   needs to be marked up.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The "group of 10" environmental organizations are most useful in

Accepted Answer

A)   spearheading truly radical environmental change.
B)   inspiring individual direct actions by all members.
C)   having strong, respected, and organized influence on national environmental policy setting.
D)   initiating student environmental activism on local environmental issues.
E)   inspiring individual direct actions by at least half of all members.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

The current legal system is to ______________ as community-based planning is to collaboration.

Accepted Answer

A)   polarization
B)   cooperation
C)   wicked problems
D)   dispute resolution
E)   harmonyF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of the environmental laws and treaties listed below is responsible for protection of endangered species?

Accepted Answer

A)   Clean Water Act.
B)   Marine Mammal Act.
C)   CITES.
D)   Pitman Robertson Act.
E)   Kyoto Protocol.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which group below is most identified with direct action for environmental causes?

Accepted Answer

A)   the Audubon Society
B)   The Nature Conservancy
C)   the Wise Use Movement
D)   the Natural Resources Defense Council
E)   Earth First!F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

After a problem is identified, the next step in the policy cycle is to

Accepted Answer

A)   build support for the problem.
B)   develop proposals.
C)   set an agenda.
D)   suggest changes.
E)   implement policy.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

In carrying out the policy cycle, which of the following groups would probably use intensive media campaigns or even stage a protest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Industry associations.
B)   Labor unions.
C)   Wealthy or powerful individuals.
D)   Public interest groups.
E)   All of these would want as much publicity as possible.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

When an activity threatens to harm the environment or society, policy makers should consider implementing

Accepted Answer

A)   the precautionary principle.
B)   sustainable development.
C)   smart growth policies.
D)   appropriate environmental policy to address the regulation of the activity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Historically, international treaties and conventions were ________________ while more recently they are characterized by ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   negotiated by a panel of experts and no nations participating; broad participation and increased speed in the agreements taking force
B)   characterized by broad participation; a panel of experts with no participating nations
C)   characterized by broad participation and increased speed in enforcement; a panel of experts with no participating nations and slow enforcement
D)   characterized by increased speed in enforcement; a panel of experts with no participating nations and slow enforcement
E)   negotiated by a panel of experts from nations that are participating; narrow participation and relatively slow action in the agreement taking forceF) None of the above
G) A) and D) A

Question 14

The first college to get all of its energy from renewable resources was________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Boston College
B)   University of California at Berkeley
C)   Concordia University
D)   Emory University
E)   College of William and MaryF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Environmental literacy partly consists of being able to

Accepted Answer

A)   read environmental science journals.
B)   understand the basic principles of ecology.
C)   write and publish in environmental journals.
D)   carry out ecological models and experiments.
E)   interpret environmental data from a citizen science project.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

As more environment-oriented jobs become available, the number of students prepared for them is

Accepted Answer

A)   staying the same.
B)   increasing.
C)   decreasing.
D)   increasing dramatically.
E)   slightly increasing.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above C

Question 17

Which of the following is not a problem associated with international agreements?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is no body that can legislate international environmental protection.
B)   There is no body that can enforce international environmental protection.
C)   The agreements must be made by unanimous consent.
D)   The international court affects the sovereignty of noncompliant nations.
E)   All of these are problems associated with international agreements.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

The term conspicuous consumption describes

Accepted Answer

A)   the habit of eating food even when you're not hungry.
B)   the tendency of industry to not incorporate energy saving methods.
C)   the inclination to buy things we don't need to impress others.
D)   inefficient fuel use by power plants that produce less energy than they consume.
E)   none of these are correctF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

As of 2007, what percentage of individuals polled were willing to make personal sacrifices to protect the environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   20%
B)   50%
C)   30%
D)   70%
E)   90%F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

An environmental impact statement (EIS)  is required for any significant federal action as a part of ______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the Clean Water Act
B)   the Clean Air Act
C)   the Endangered Species Act
D)   the National Environmental Policy Act
E)   none of these are correctF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Exam 16: Environmental Policy and Sustainability

Civil law is to _______________ as criminal law is to crimes against the state or society.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rather than directly suing a company for damages, it can be more effective to sue

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a criminal case, being found guilty can result in _________________ and in a civil case being found guilty can result in _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who normally identifies the problem in the policy cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

After an original idea is turned into a bill, it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "group of 10" environmental organizations are most useful in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The current legal system is to ______________ as community-based planning is to collaboration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the environmental laws and treaties listed below is responsible for protection of endangered species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group below is most identified with direct action for environmental causes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a problem is identified, the next step in the policy cycle is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In carrying out the policy cycle, which of the following groups would probably use intensive media campaigns or even stage a protest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an activity threatens to harm the environment or society, policy makers should consider implementing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Historically, international treaties and conventions were ________________ while more recently they are characterized by ___________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The first college to get all of its energy from renewable resources was________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Environmental literacy partly consists of being able to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As more environment-oriented jobs become available, the number of students prepared for them is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following is not a problem associated with international agreements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term conspicuous consumption describes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As of 2007, what percentage of individuals polled were willing to make personal sacrifices to protect the environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An environmental impact statement (EIS) is required for any significant federal action as a part of ______________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In a criminal case, being found guilty can result in ___ and in a civil case being found guilty can result in _.

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D

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Historically, international treaties and conventions were while more recently they are characterized by ___.

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A

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C

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