Question 1

Polar covalent bonds result from

Accepted Answer

A)   unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond.
B)   equal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond.
C)   equal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond.
D)   unequal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond.
E)   hydrogen bonding between molecules.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following is not a function of ATP within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   All of these are functions of ATP within the cell.
B)   Conduction of nerve impulses.
C)   Contraction of muscle cells.
D)   Synthesis of macromolecules.
E)   Energy currency of the cell.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Aspirin is acetyl salicylic acid and can therefore pose a problem to people who have ulcers.Bufferin uses a buffer to neutralize this effect by

Accepted Answer

A)   substituting another ingredient for the acetyl salicylic acid.
B)   adding a drug to stimulate the immune system.
C)   adding salts to neutralize the acid.
D)   adding an equal amount of hydroxide (OH-)  ions.
E)   adding chemicals that take up excess hydrogen (H+)  ions.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of these combinations would be found in a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)   base-acid-salt
B)   adenine-thymine-uracil
C)   base-sugar-phosphate
D)   DNA-RNA-nucleus
E)   sugar-protein-fatF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Removal of the hydroxyl functional group would disrupt the structure of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   sugars and some amino acids
B)   sugars
C)   fatty acids and amino acids
D)   nucleotides and phospholipids
E)   nucleotides and fatty acidsF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

All carbohydrate molecules

Accepted Answer

A)   contain amino acids.
B)   contain nitrogen and phosphate.
C)   are organic acids.
D)   are composed of atoms of C, H, and the functional group -OH.
E)   are composed of atoms of C, H, O, and N.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein,but not for sugars or lipids.This is because

Accepted Answer

A)   only proteins are involved in living metabolic reactions.
B)   sugars and lipids code for their own replication.
C)   sugars and lipids are ever present in the living environment and are not used in living structures.
D)   other hereditary molecules code for sugars and lipids.
E)   proteins are the main structural and functional components of cells.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following reactions is most likely to occur if an individual was to ingest a large dose of lemon juice?

Accepted Answer

A)   There would be an increase in the amount of carbonic acid within the blood stream. If the carbonic acid didn't not form then the pH of the individual's blood could shift toward 7.2.
B)   There would be an decrease in the amount of carbonic acid within the blood stream. If the carbonic acid didn't not form then the pH of the individual's blood could shift toward 7.2.
C)   There would be an increase in the amount of carbonic acid within the blood stream. If the carbonic acid didn't not form then the pH of the individual's blood could shift toward 7.8.
D)   There would be a decrease in the amount of carbonic acid within the blood stream. If the carbonic acid didn't not form then the pH of the individual's blood could shift toward 7.2.
E)   There would be a decrease in the amount of carbonic acid within the blood stream. If the carbonic acid didn't not form then the pH of the individual's blood could shift toward 7.8.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

The final shape of a protein is very important to its function.When proteins undergo an irreversible change in shape called ________________ they ________________ perform their usual functions.

Accepted Answer

A)   naturation/can
B)   naturation/cannot
C)   denaturation/can
D)   denaturation/cannot
E)   dehydration reaction/cannotF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Determine which of the following components are required for a molecule to be classified as organic.

Accepted Answer

A)   Presence of carbon, hydrogen, four electrons in the outer orbital, and the attachment of a functional group.
B)   Presence of sodium, chlorine, four electrons in the outer orbital, and the attachment of a functional group.
C)   Presence of carbon, hydrogen, three electrons in the outer orbital, attachment of a functional group.
D)   Presence of oxygen, hydrogen, four electrons in the outer orbital, attachment of a functional group.
E)   Presence of carbon, hydrogen, four protons in the outer orbital, attachment of a functional group.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

A covalent bond is

Accepted Answer

A)   a type of bond that results in ionic compounds.
B)   the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
C)   a sharing of electrons between two atoms.
D)   an attraction of charged atoms.
E)   a sharing of protons between two atoms.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

The atomic mass of an element

Accepted Answer

A)   is determined by its protons and neutrons.
B)   equals the number of protons plus the number of electrons.
C)   equals the number of neutrons.
D)   changes after each reaction.
E)   depends on the number of electrons in the outermost shell.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Isotopes of a given element have

Accepted Answer

A)   the same number of protons but differ in atomic mass.
B)   the same atomic mass but different number of protons.
C)   different number of electrons.
D)   the same number of protons and atomic mass.
E)   the same number of neutrons.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 14

A long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached,ending in the acidic group -COOH would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   triglyceride.
B)   amino acid.
C)   fatty acid.
D)   nucleic acid.
E)   monosaccharide.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 15

Cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is an example of which type of lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)   steroids
B)   phospholipids
C)   fatty acids
D)   triglycerides
E)   oilsF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which statement about the cellular nucleic acids DNA and RNA is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA is double-stranded, and RNA is single-stranded.
B)   The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, and in RNA the sugar is ribose.
C)   DNA has a helix shape; RNA does not.
D)   RNA and DNA have the same four nitrogen-containing bases.
E)   Both DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Nucleic acids are polymers of

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids.
B)   nucleotides.
C)   glycerol.
D)   monosaccharides.
E)   fatty acids.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

An ion is an atom that

Accepted Answer

A)   exists in a gaseous state.
B)   has a net charge.
C)   does not have a net charge.
D)   shares electrons with other atoms.
E)   shares neutrons with other atoms.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Glycogen is a

Accepted Answer

A)   monosaccharide used for quick energy.
B)   protein found in cell membranes.
C)   polysaccharide used to store glucose/energy.
D)   fat found in margarine.
E)   nucleic acid found in the nucleus of a cell.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Two glucose molecules can combine to form a disaccharide molecule and

Accepted Answer

A)   another glucose molecule.
B)   another disaccharide molecule.
C)   a dipeptide molecule.
D)   a lipid molecule.
E)   a water molecule.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Exam 2: The Molecules of Cells

An ion is an atom that

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Isotopes of a given element have

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Polar covalent bonds result from

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The atomic mass of an element

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Aspirin is acetyl salicylic acid and can therefore pose a problem to people who have ulcers.Bufferin uses a buffer to neutralize this effect by

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A covalent bond is

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Two glucose molecules can combine to form a disaccharide molecule and

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Removal of the hydroxyl functional group would disrupt the structure of _________.

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Cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is an example of which type of lipid?

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Which statement about the cellular nucleic acids DNA and RNA is incorrect?

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The final shape of a protein is very important to its function.When proteins undergo an irreversible change in shape called ________________ they ________________ perform their usual functions.

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All carbohydrate molecules

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A long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached,ending in the acidic group -COOH would be a(n)

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Glycogen is a

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Which of the following reactions is most likely to occur if an individual was to ingest a large dose of lemon juice?

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Which of the following is not a function of ATP within the cell?

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Nucleic acids are polymers of

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DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein,but not for sugars or lipids.This is because

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Determine which of the following components are required for a molecule to be classified as organic.

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Which of these combinations would be found in a nucleotide?

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The final shape of a protein is very important to its function.When proteins undergo an irreversible change in shape called they perform their usual functions.

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