Question 1

A product of the metabolism of certain nucleic acid bases is

Accepted Answer

A)   uric acid.
B)   urea.
C)   ammonia.
D)   water.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be

Accepted Answer

A)   excreted and potassium ions to be conserved.
B)   excreted and potassium ions to be excreted.
C)   conserved and potassium ions to be conserved.
D)   conserved and potassium ions to be excreted.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

The reabsorption of glucose occurs primarily through the walls of the

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular capsule.
B)   nephron loop.
C)   proximal convoluted tubule.
D)   distal convoluted tubule.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of nephron loop, descending limb of nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule
B)   Distal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of nephron loop, descending limb of nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule
C)   Proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule
D)   Collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, ascending limb of nephron loop, distal convoluted tubuleE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Conscious control of micturition inhibits the micturition reflex by using nerve centers in the

Accepted Answer

A)   medulla oblongata.
B)   spinal cord.
C)   brainstem and cerebral cortex.
D)   pons and hypothalamus.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The micturition reflex can be voluntarily controlled by the

Accepted Answer

A)   person controlling contraction and relaxation of the pyloric sphincter.
B)   sympathetic impulses stimulating the internal urethral sphincter.
C)   relaxation of the external urethral sphincter.
D)   voluntary contractions or inhibition of the prostate gland.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The efferent arteriole supplies blood to the capillary of the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The detrusor muscle is in the

Accepted Answer

A)   ureter.
B)   urethra.
C)   kidneys.
D)   urinary bladder.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which urine flows after its formation in the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)   calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
B)   renal pelvis, calyx, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
C)   calyx, renal pelvis, urethra, ureter, urinary bladder
D)   renal pelvis, calyx, urinary bladder, ureter, urethraE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)   kidney failure.
B)   a urinary tract infection.
C)   kidney stones.
D)   gout.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

When sodium ions are reabsorbed through the wall of the renal tubule by active transport, chloride ions are

Accepted Answer

A)   reabsorbed by active transport.
B)   reabsorbed by passive transport.
C)   secreted by active transport.
D)   secreted by passive transport.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the juxtaglomerular cells and the cells of the _____ _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the juxtaglomerular...

Question 13

An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases
B)   decreases
C)   does not change
D)   has a variable effect onE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Shigatoxin is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   endemic nephropathy.
B)   urinary tract infection.
C)   edema.
D)   hemolytic uremic syndrome.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Sympathetic nerve impulses usually cause proportional degrees of vasodilation in the afferent and efferent arterioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including

Accepted Answer

A)   many different substances that are absent from plasma.
B)   the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.
C)   less water and electrolytes than does plasma.
D)   much more uric acid and creatinine than plasma.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Kidney cells die as early as age

Accepted Answer

A)   20.
B)   30.
C)   40.
D)   50.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

Athletes might abuse which of the following chemicals made in the urinary system to improve performance by increasing red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH
B)   Erythropoietin (EPO) 
C)   Glomerular filtrate
D)   UreaE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Glomerular filtrate is similar to tissue fluid in composition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A renal corpuscle is a _____, whereas a renal tubule is a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   cluster of blood capillaries and glomerular capsule; highly coiled tubule exiting the glomerular capsule
B)   special blood cell in the kidneys; tubule that leads from the kidneys to the bladder
C)   storage area for urine; tubule that carries urine from the urinary bladder outside
D)   glandular structure that regulates blood pressure; blood vessel that regulates the flow of blood into the glomerulusE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 20: Urinary System

Conscious control of micturition inhibits the micturition reflex by using nerve centers in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kidney cells die as early as age

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The detrusor muscle is in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which urine flows after its formation in the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympathetic nerve impulses usually cause proportional degrees of vasodilation in the afferent and efferent arterioles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The efferent arteriole supplies blood to the capillary of the glomerulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A product of the metabolism of certain nucleic acid bases is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of glucose occurs primarily through the walls of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex causes sodium ions to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Athletes might abuse which of the following chemicals made in the urinary system to improve performance by increasing red blood cell production?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When sodium ions are reabsorbed through the wall of the renal tubule by active transport, chloride ions are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy is used to treat

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The micturition reflex can be voluntarily controlled by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerular filtrate is similar to tissue fluid in composition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A renal corpuscle is a _____, whereas a renal tubule is a _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shigatoxin is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the juxtaglomerular cells and the cells of the _____ _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A renal corpuscle is a _, whereas a renal tubule is a _.

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The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the juxtaglomerular cells and the cells of the _ _.

Correct Answer
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