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With a(n) _____ staffing policy,the expatriates are all home-country nationals who are transferred abroad.


A) geocentric
B) ethnocentric
C) polycentric
D) international
E) domestic

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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In the context of international labor relations,what are the concerns of organized labor?

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Labor unions generally try to get better...

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One aspect of a(n) _____ staffing policy is the need for a cadre of international managers that may include many different nationalities.


A) polycentric
B) geocentric
C) ethnocentric
D) regiocentric
E) localized

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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From a strategic perspective,a compensation system must reward managers for taking actions that are consistent with the strategy of the enterprise.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is an advantage of a geocentric approach to staffing for international businesses?


A) It requires minimal documentation.
B) It is inexpensive to implement.
C) It helps build a strong culture and informal management networks.
D) It helps transfer core competencies to foreign operations.
E) It requires less management personnel to implement this staffing policy.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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C

Which of the following is a disadvantage of adopting a geocentric staffing approach?


A) Cultural myopia negatively influences effective management control.
B) Training and relocation costs increase when transferring managers from country to country.
C) Host-country nationals cannot progress beyond senior positions in their own subsidiary.
D) A gap forms between host-country managers and parent-country managers.
E) The lack of management transfers leads to a lack of integration between corporate headquarters and foreign subsidiaries.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Poor health care and housing standards and inhospitable climate make it difficult for expatriates to adjust to a particular posting.According to Mendenhall and Oddou's four dimensions that predict success in a foreign posting,which of the following is required in this situation?


A) Perceptual ability
B) Cultural toughness
C) Self-orientation
D) Others-orientation
E) Self-confidence

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Describe the disadvantages of a polycentric staffing policy.

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A polycentric approach has its drawbacks.Host-country nationals have limited opportunities to gain experience outside their own country and thus cannot progress beyond senior positions in their own subsidiary.This may cause resentment.Perhaps the major drawback with a polycentric approach,however,is the gap that can form between host-country managers and parent-country managers.Language barriers,national loyalties,and a range of cultural differences may isolate the corporate headquarters staff from the various foreign subsidiaries.The lack of management transfers from home to host countries,and vice versa,can exacerbate this isolation and lead to a lack of integration between corporate headquarters and foreign subsidiaries.The result can be a "federation" of largely independent national units with only nominal links to the corporate headquarters.Within such a federation,the coordination required to transfer core competencies or to pursue experience curve and location economies may be difficult to achieve.Thus,although a polycentric approach may be effective for firms pursuing a localization strategy,it is inappropriate for other strategies.The federation that may result from a polycentric approach can also be a force for inertia within the firm.

The long-term goal for organized labor to establish international trade secretariats was to:


A) import employment practices and contractual agreements from the home country of the multinational firm.
B) retain low-skilled tasks in the host country.
C) prevent multinational firms from switching production from one location to another as economic conditions warrant.
D) introduce a reciprocal tax treaty.
E) be able to bargain transnationally with multinational firms.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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An expatriate manager is a citizen of one country who is working abroad in one of the firm's subsidiaries.

A) True
B) False

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According to Mendenhall and Oddou,relationship development and willingness to communicate are two important factors of the dimension of _____.


A) self-orientation
B) perceptual ability
C) cultural toughness
D) others-orientation
E) personal interest

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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In the context of international labor relations,which of the following is a concern of organized labor?


A) An international business increases the bargaining power of organized labor.
B) An international business keeps highly skilled tasks in its home country and farms out only low-skilled tasks to foreign plants.
C) An international business faces difficulty in switching production from one location to another.
D) An international business does not import employment practices and contractual agreements from its home country.
E) An international business signs a reciprocal tax treaty with the host country.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Briefly describe how national differences in compensation affect international business. Substantial differences exist in the compensation of executives at the same level in various countries.These differences raise the question: Should the firm pay executives in different countries according to the prevailing standards in each country,or should it equalize pay on a global basis?

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The problem does not arise in firms purs...

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Historically,most international businesses have centralized international labor relations activities.

A) True
B) False

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According to Mendenhall and Oddou,expatriates with perceptual ability tend to be judgmental and evaluative in interpreting the behavior of host-country nationals.

A) True
B) False

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Discuss the differences between ethnocentric,polycentric,and geocentric approaches to staffing for international businesses.What is the rationale behind each of these approaches?

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An ethnocentric staffing policy is one i...

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Most countries require extensive documentation if they wish to hire a foreign national instead of a local national.This is a disadvantage of the _____ staffing approach.


A) polycentric
B) geocentric
C) transnational
D) ethnocentric
E) local

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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B

A firm's ability to reduce its use of expatriates may be limited,particularly if it is pursuing a(n) _____ staffing policy.


A) geocentric
B) polycentric
C) transnational
D) regiocentric
E) neocentric

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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What is repatriation? What is its importance?

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A largely overlooked but critically impo...

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The major drawback with a polycentric staffing policy is the gap that can form between host-country managers and parent-country managers due to language barriers.

A) True
B) False

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