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Devon works as a customer service employee in a retail store. He understands the behaviors and feelings of his customers very well and empathizes with them during difficult times. According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, Devon has a high level of ________.


A) creative intelligence
B) analytical intelligence
C) interpersonal intelligence
D) spatial intelligence

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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________ is applicable to the tests that measure the concept it claims to measure.


A) Conclusion validity
B) Predictive validity
C) Internal validity
D) Construct validity

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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After the technical round of interviews, Barney was informed that he had to appear for a general test that was mandatory to clear. The test was difficult and involved questions on pattern recognition and abstract reasoning that required Barney to apply his raw mental ability. This indicates that the test was used to evaluate Barney's ________.


A) mental age
B) fluid intelligence
C) internal reliability
D) crystallized intelligence

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A criticism levied by psychologists against Howard Gardener's theory of multiple intelligences is that ________.


A) it does not acknowledge the fact that different learners learn in different ways
B) it does not acknowledge the fact that students who have demonstrated ability in some areas fail academic subjects and do poorly on traditional intelligence tests
C) Gardner did not provide tests of the multiple intelligences proposed by him
D) Gardner ignores the interpersonal and intrapersonal skills of people

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Who among the following have a greater risk of having a baby with Down syndrome?


A) Mothers who opt to have a child later in life
B) Mothers of low socioeconomic status
C) Mothers with a history of familial-cultural retardation
D) Mothers who suffer from hypertension during pregnancy

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Rudolph tells his mother that his friend John wears glasses and reads many math and science books. He asks his mother if John is more likely to be a science student or a museum guide. His mother says that John is more likely to be a museum guide. John tells his mother that she is incorrect because she failed to take in the base-rates differences in arriving at the decision. This is an example of ________.


A) hindsight bias
B) the bandwagon effect
C) the illusory truth effect
D) the representativeness heuristic

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a principle of language development?


A) Broca's area develops before Wernicke's area in the brain.
B) Children and adults hear more phonetic sounds than babies.
C) The ability to understand words devel­ops before the ability to produce words.
D) Younger infants (6-month-olds) do not discriminate phonetic sounds outside of their native language.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Hanson conducts a history test. He conducts the same test among the same students two days later. He finds that the results of the second test are similar to the results of the first test. Which of the following is most likely to be true of the test?


A) The test has predictive validity.
B) The test has construct validity.
C) The test is reliable.
D) The test covers all the concepts taught in class.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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________ refers to how common some phenomena, be it people or events, are in the population as a whole.


A) Gambler's fallacy
B) Base rate
C) Regression analysis
D) Phase average

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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According to the textbook, why is human language unique?


A) Because it is the only system capable of transmitting abstract ideas
B) Because it develops intuitively in children in about the same way and at the same time all over the world
C) Be­cause it enables humans to communicate when they are angry, threatened, hungry, or hurt
D) Because it has the same syntactic rules for all human languages

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is a criterion to be considered for intellectual disability?


A) An individual must show significant limitations in everyday adaptive behavior.
B) Both mental and physical deficits must be apparent after age 18.
C) An individual must show minor limitations in intellectual functioning and major limitations in physical functioning.
D) The deficits must be acquired habits which lead to intellectual disability.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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________ is the ability to reason and solve problems by carrying out mathematical operations and by using logic.


A) Quantitative intelligence
B) Verbal intelligence
C) Spatial intelligence
D) Emotional intelligence

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Anna and Johanna visit their hometown after a long time. They are disappointed to find the old local library razed to erect a mall. Johanna remarks that she still has such fond memories associated with the library that she vividly remembers how the librarian greeted them on every visit, and how she used to look forward to the arrival of new books every month. This is an example of ________.


A) visual imagery
B) memory perception
C) verbal formulation
D) mental rotation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is the correct expansion of LAD in language development?


A) Linguistic area development
B) Learning ability device
C) Linguistic assessment domain
D) Language acquisition device

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Aaron's mother was filling up a bottle with water from a water purifier. He had often seen her switch hands as her arms became tired. He took out his mother's cutting board and balanced it on the sink under the water purifier so that the bottle could be placed on it. His mother was very surprised that the board could be used for any purpose other than chopping fruits and vegetables. In this scenario, Aaron's mother's mindset would be known as ________.


A) crystallized intelligence
B) familial-cultural intellectual disability
C) cognitive dissonance
D) functional fixedness

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following solutions to a problem shows the LEAST amount of functional fixedness?


A) it is possible for any problem to have only a single solution
B) relying on past experience is often the best way to solve a problem
C) algorithms are the only valid methods of solving a problem
D) solutions can be found by thinking about a problem differently

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Linguistics defines language as words and letters having no real connection between sounds and ideas. In other words, language is ________.


A) symbolic
B) derivational
C) idiomatic
D) phonetic

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies test-retest reliability?


A) Nathan performed poorly on an intelligence quotient (IQ) test because he couldn't complete the test on time.
B) Howard got different scores when he took the same test at different time periods of the same day.
C) Veronica' scores on the science test and the history test were the same.
D) Samantha got the same scores when she took the same test on a Monday and on a Friday.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Matthew sees a nail sticking out from a board which he wishes to push inside. Though there is a brick lying nearby, it does not occur to him that it can serve well to fix the nail. Consequently, he wastes time searching for a hammer. Which of the following does Matthew exhibit?


A) Response bias
B) Cognitive dissonance
C) Observer effect
D) Functional fixedness

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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If a test is equally valid for different groups and they still score differently on it, it is likely that ________.


A) the test is fair but not standardized
B) the test is unfair but definitely standardized
C) the test may be unfair but it is not biased
D) the test may be fair but is definitely biased

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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