Question 1

According to psychoanalytic theory, the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

Accepted Answer

A)   id.
B)   ego.
C)   superego.
D)   erogenous zones.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which instrument has been used for counseling and work-team development to help identify individuals' personality types?

Accepted Answer

A)   the Rorschach
B)   the MMPI
C)   the MBTI
D)   an MRIE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Sarah's optimism is both a contributor to and a product of her successful career accomplishments. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   self-serving bias.
B)   reciprocal determinism.
C)   unconditional positive regard.
D)   the spotlight effect.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Freud believed that ________ are the "royal road to the unconscious."

Accepted Answer

A)   projective tests
B)   dreams
C)   erogenous zones
D)   psychosexual stagesE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The major reason for criticism of the Rorschach test is that

Accepted Answer

A)   no computer-aided tool has been designed to facilitate scoring of the test.
B)   only a few of the many Rorschach-derived scores have demonstrated validity.
C)   the test discourages individuals from communicating openly in clinical interviews.
D)   the test can be used effectively only with individuals who are severelyE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Morris is hostile, aggressive, and socially destructive. According to Carl Rogers, this behavior pattern results from

Accepted Answer

A)   his growth-inhibiting environment.
B)   the collective unconscious.
C)   inborn personality traits.
D)   an internal locus of control.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Mr. Carlson is a politician who credits his past election victories to his own effective communication and hard work; he attributes his past election losses to factors beyond his control. His assessments best illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal determinism.
B)   the Barnum effect.
C)   self-serving bias.
D)   the spotlight effect.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Four-year-old John is very competitive with his father in trying to gain more attention from his mother. Freud would have suggested that John is going through the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   phallic
B)   latency
C)   anal
D)   oralE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Sheryl is very outgoing and fun-loving. She prefers to be around other people most of the time. She most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Accepted Answer

A)   openness.
B)   collectivism.
C)   extraversion.
D)   conscientiousness.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which defense mechanism involves expressing feelings that are the exact opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings?

Accepted Answer

A)   regression
B)   denial
C)   reaction formation
D)   displacementE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Heritability generally runs about ________ percent or a tad bit more for each of the Big Five trait dimensions.

Accepted Answer

A)   25
B)   50
C)   75
D)   90E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which two dimensions of personality have the Eysencks emphasized?

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability
B)   internal-external locus of control and extraversion-introversion
C)   internal-external locus of control and emotional stability-instability
D)   melancholic-phlegmatic and choleric-sanguineE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Being sociable and fun-loving is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)   openness.
B)   conscientiousness.
C)   extraversion.
D)   emotional stability.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Neo-Freudians placed greater emphasis than did Freud on the role of ________ in personality development.

Accepted Answer

A)   defense mechanisms
B)   the Oedipus complex
C)   the conscious mind
D)   genetic predispositionsE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Parents who disguise hostility toward their children by becoming overly protective of them are very likely using the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)   projection.
B)   regression.
C)   rationalization.
D)   reaction formation.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

A refusal to believe direct and highly credible evidence that your spouse is suffering a terminal illness best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   denial.
B)   displacement.
C)   fixation.
D)   projection.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Mark typically responds to stress in a calm and thoughtful manner. Chandler usually becomes agitated. The reactions of Mark and Chandler indicate that each has a distinctive

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction formation.
B)   collective unconscious.
C)   self-serving bias.
D)   personality.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Contemporary psychodynamic theorists assume that childhood experiences have long-term consequences for our

Accepted Answer

A)   Electra complex.
B)   collective unconscious.
C)   social attachment styles.
D)   erogenous zones.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Freud suggested that the process of identification is most directly responsible for strengthening

Accepted Answer

A)   the Oedipus complex.
B)   free association.
C)   the superego.
D)   erogenous zones.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is his or her

Accepted Answer

A)   self-esteem.
B)   personality.
C)   reality principle.
D)   hierarchy of needs.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 13: Emotion

An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is his or her

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A refusal to believe direct and highly credible evidence that your spouse is suffering a terminal illness best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which defense mechanism involves expressing feelings that are the exact opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heritability generally runs about ________ percent or a tad bit more for each of the Big Five trait dimensions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr. Carlson is a politician who credits his past election victories to his own effective communication and hard work; he attributes his past election losses to factors beyond his control. His assessments best illustrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud suggested that the process of identification is most directly responsible for strengthening

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which instrument has been used for counseling and work-team development to help identify individuals' personality types?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah's optimism is both a contributor to and a product of her successful career accomplishments. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mark typically responds to stress in a calm and thoughtful manner. Chandler usually becomes agitated. The reactions of Mark and Chandler indicate that each has a distinctive

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two dimensions of personality have the Eysencks emphasized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Being sociable and fun-loving is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Four-year-old John is very competitive with his father in trying to gain more attention from his mother. Freud would have suggested that John is going through the ________ stage of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major reason for criticism of the Rorschach test is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contemporary psychodynamic theorists assume that childhood experiences have long-term consequences for our

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents who disguise hostility toward their children by becoming overly protective of them are very likely using the defense mechanism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to psychoanalytic theory, the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud believed that ________ are the "royal road to the unconscious."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neo-Freudians placed greater emphasis than did Freud on the role of ________ in personality development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sheryl is very outgoing and fun-loving. She prefers to be around other people most of the time. She most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Morris is hostile, aggressive, and socially destructive. According to Carl Rogers, this behavior pattern results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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