Question 1

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Accepted Answer

A)  openness. 
B)  neuroticism. 
C)  agreeableness. 
D)  conscientiousness.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Our ignorance of what we don't know helps to sustain

Accepted Answer

A)  confidence in our own abilities. 
B)  a pessimistic attributional style. 
C)  learned helplessness. 
D)  an external locus of control.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Around the world,people describe others' personality traits in terms that are consistent with a set of factors called

Accepted Answer

A)  the Eysencks' trait dimensions. 
B)  the Barnum effect. 
C)  reciprocal determinism. 
D)  the Big Five.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Jacinda failed her last history midterm. Which of the following conclusions would be most representative of a self-serving bias on Jacinda's part?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I really didn't prepare well enough for that test." 
B)  "I wasn't concentrating as hard as I should have during the test." 
C)  "I lack ability in history." 
D)  "I think the test questions were ambiguous and confusing."E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Compared with those who made a purchase choice from among 30 different brands of jam or chocolate,those who chose from among just 6 brands expressed

Accepted Answer

A)  less self-esteem. 
B)  more satisfaction with their choice. 
C)  less agreeableness. 
D)  more learned helplessness.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

The social-cognitive perspective highlights what Albert Bandura called

Accepted Answer

A)  conscientiousness. 
B)  possible selves. 
C)  reciprocal determinism. 
D)  defensive self-esteem.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

The social-cognitive perspective suggests that the best way to predict a political candidate's performance effectiveness after election is to assess that individual's

Accepted Answer

A)  current feelings of personal control. 
B)  specific political goals for the future. 
C)  general feelings of optimism about the future. 
D)  past performance in situations involving similar responsibilities.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Frida was informed by a professional palm reader: "You generally communicate openly with others,but you have certain dark secrets that even your closest friends could never guess." The fact that Frida was impressed by the palm reader's insight into her personality best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the false consensus effect. 
B)  the Barnum effect. 
C)  the spotlight effect. 
D)  an external locus of control.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

An integrated understanding of Tara's consistent cheerfulness in terms of her supportive peer relationships,her calm temperament,and her perceived internal locus of control best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  factor analysis. 
B)  self-serving bias. 
C)  a biopsychosocial approach. 
D)  positive psychology.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B) C

Question 10

Sasha believes that the questions on school tests are so unrelated to course work that studying is useless. Sasha's belief most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal determinism. 
B)  the false consensus effect. 
C)  an external locus of control. 
D)  the spotlight effect.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D) C

Question 11

Arguments as to whether people's behavior is more strongly influenced by temporary external influences or by enduring inner influences best characterize the

Accepted Answer

A)  Big Five dimensions. 
B)  person-situation controversy. 
C)  self-serving bias. 
D)  biopsychosocial approach.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

In the long run,people who practice self-regulation through physical exercise and time-managed programs experience an increase in

Accepted Answer

A)  openness. 
B)  emotional stability. 
C)  the spotlight effect. 
D)  self-control.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The tendency to accept favorable descriptions of one's personality that could really be applied to almost anyone is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the Barnum effect. 
B)  projection. 
C)  the spotlight effect. 
D)  an internal locus of control.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Resisting the temptation to eat chocolate chip cookies led research participants to subsequently give up sooner than normal on efforts to complete a tedious task. This illustrated that self-control weakens following

Accepted Answer

A)  an exertion of energy. 
B)  defensive self-esteem. 
C)  the spotlight effect. 
D)  conscientiousness.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B) A

Question 15

Martin Seligman's positive psychology differs from the humanistic perspective in that it

Accepted Answer

A)  denies humankind's capacity for evil. 
B)  focuses more on a person's defensive self-esteem. 
C)  emphasizes the use of scientific methods. 
D)  has less application to educational settings.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is MOST likely to be associated with high self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  the spotlight effect 
B)  self-serving bias 
C)  an external locus of control 
D)  reciprocal determinismE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Because you have a relatively low level of brain arousal,a trait theorist would suggest that you are an ________ who would naturally seek ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  introvert; stimulation 
B)  introvert; isolation 
C)  extravert; stimulation 
D)  extravert; isolationE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

A psychologist at the campus mental health center administered an empirically derived personality test to diagnose an emotionally troubled student. Which test did the psychologist MOST LIKELY administer?

Accepted Answer

A)  the MMPI 
B)  the Optimism Scale 
C)  the Rorschach 
D)  the Locus of Control ScaleE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Unrealistic optimism could best be described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  self-serving bias. 
B)  spotlight effect. 
C)  false consensus effect. 
D)  external locus of control.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Unlike country,pop,and religious music lovers,those who prefer classical,jazz,blues,and folk music tend to score high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion. 
B)  openness. 
C)  neuroticism. 
D)  conscientiousness.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 9: Behavior and Belief

Emotional instability is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our ignorance of what we don't know helps to sustain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Around the world,people describe others' personality traits in terms that are consistent with a set of factors called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jacinda failed her last history midterm. Which of the following conclusions would be most representative of a self-serving bias on Jacinda's part?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with those who made a purchase choice from among 30 different brands of jam or chocolate,those who chose from among just 6 brands expressed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social-cognitive perspective highlights what Albert Bandura called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social-cognitive perspective suggests that the best way to predict a political candidate's performance effectiveness after election is to assess that individual's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frida was informed by a professional palm reader: "You generally communicate openly with others,but you have certain dark secrets that even your closest friends could never guess." The fact that Frida was impressed by the palm reader's insight into her personality best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An integrated understanding of Tara's consistent cheerfulness in terms of her supportive peer relationships,her calm temperament,and her perceived internal locus of control best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Sasha believes that the questions on school tests are so unrelated to course work that studying is useless. Sasha's belief most clearly illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Arguments as to whether people's behavior is more strongly influenced by temporary external influences or by enduring inner influences best characterize the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the long run,people who practice self-regulation through physical exercise and time-managed programs experience an increase in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency to accept favorable descriptions of one's personality that could really be applied to almost anyone is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resisting the temptation to eat chocolate chip cookies led research participants to subsequently give up sooner than normal on efforts to complete a tedious task. This illustrated that self-control weakens following

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Martin Seligman's positive psychology differs from the humanistic perspective in that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is MOST likely to be associated with high self-esteem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because you have a relatively low level of brain arousal,a trait theorist would suggest that you are an ________ who would naturally seek ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A psychologist at the campus mental health center administered an empirically derived personality test to diagnose an emotionally troubled student. Which test did the psychologist MOST LIKELY administer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unrealistic optimism could best be described as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike country,pop,and religious music lovers,those who prefer classical,jazz,blues,and folk music tend to score high on the Big Five trait dimension known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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C

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A

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Because you have a relatively low level of brain arousal,a trait theorist would suggest that you are an who would naturally seek .

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